Dog Hot Spot: How to Treat It

Dogs are curious and active, exploring the world with their noses, paws, and sometimes even their skin. However, this adventurous spirit can occasionally lead to skin issues, including hot spots. Known medically as acute moist dermatitis, hot spots are painful, inflamed patches of skin that can appear seemingly out of nowhere. They’re often itchy, raw, and uncomfortable for dogs, leading to excessive licking, scratching, and biting. In this blog, we’ll walk you through what causes hot spots, how you can help your dog avoid them, and most importantly, how to treat dog hot spots effectively. If you notice any signs of hot spots on your dog, call Pewaukee Veterinary Service at (262) 347-0787 or request an appointment for professional care.

 

 

What Are Hot Spots in Dogs?

Hot spots are localized areas of skin inflammation that can become red, swollen, and oozing. These patches often result from a minor skin irritation that a dog continually scratches, licks, or bites, making the irritation worse over time. The repetitive self-trauma disrupts the skin barrier, leading to a warm, moist area where bacteria can thrive and cause an infection. Hot spots can occur anywhere on a dog’s body but are most commonly found on the head, hips, and limbs. Common triggers for hot spots in dogs include allergic reactions, insect bites, skin injuries, poor grooming, and even stress. Dogs with long or dense coats are more prone to hot spots due to their fur trapping moisture and bacteria close to the skin.

 Symptoms of Hot Spots

Spotting a hot spot early can help minimize discomfort and speed up recovery. Some common signs of a hot spot include:

• Red, inflamed, or irritated skin patch
• Oozing or discharge from the affected area
• Constant scratching, licking, or biting
• Hair loss around the inflamed patch
• A foul smell, indicating possible infection

If your dog displays any of these symptoms, a visit to Pewaukee Veterinary Service for an assessment is recommended.

What Causes Hot Spots in Dogs?

Hot spots often stem from underlying issues that lead to irritation and inflammation. Addressing these root causes is crucial in preventing further outbreaks. Here are some of the most common triggers:

Allergies and Sensitivities

Dogs can have allergies to a variety of things, including food, environmental factors, and even certain cleaning products. Allergies often lead to itching and scratching, which can easily lead to hot spots if left untreated. Identifying the source of the allergy, such as pollen, certain foods, or household cleaners, can help minimize flare-ups.

Flea Bites and Other Insect Irritations

Parasites like fleas and ticks can be irritating to dogs, causing them to scratch, bite, and lick at their skin. Flea saliva, in particular, can trigger allergic reactions, resulting in intense itching. A single flea bite can start a chain reaction of irritation, scratching, and potential hot spot formation, especially if your dog is allergic to flea saliva.

Stress and Behavioral Causes

Just like people, dogs can experience stress that manifests in physical symptoms. When stressed or anxious, dogs may engage in excessive licking or scratching as a way to cope. This behavior can lead to hot spots, especially if the dog repeatedly targets the same area. Identifying and addressing sources of stress, like changes in their environment or schedule, may help reduce hot spots related to stress.

How to Treat Dog Hot Spots

Once a hot spot develops, taking quick and careful action can prevent it from worsening. While at-home remedies may offer some relief, it’s essential to understand that professional care may be needed to treat dog hot spots, especially if infection sets in. Below are some general steps that Pewaukee Veterinary Service may recommend or use to address hot spots.

• Cleaning the Area Gently: This typically includes trimming or shaving the fur around the spot to allow air to reach the skin and prevent further moisture buildup. Gently washing the area with an antiseptic solution can also help remove bacteria and debris. However, avoid using harsh chemicals or overly aggressive scrubbing, as this can worsen the irritation.
• Applying a Soothing Topical Treatment: After the area is cleaned, a soothing, veterinarian-recommended topical ointment can be applied to reduce itchiness and inflammation. This may include mild antiseptics, hydrocortisone creams, or other medicated products designed to soothe the skin. Avoid using human-grade creams or ointments, as these can irritate your dog’s skin or be toxic if ingested.
• Preventing Licking and Scratching: Many veterinarians recommend using an e-collar (Elizabethan collar) or a soft alternative to prevent self-trauma. By keeping your dog from further irritating the spot, you allow the skin to heal and reduce the risk of infection.

Tips for Preventing Hot Spots in the Future

While hot spots can sometimes appear unexpectedly, there are proactive steps you can take to reduce their occurrence. Here are some ways you can help keep your dog’s skin healthy and prevent hot spots from forming.

Regular Grooming and Skin Checks

For dogs with dense or long coats, regular grooming can make a big difference in preventing hot spots. Brushing your dog’s coat removes loose fur and reduces matting, which can trap moisture and bacteria. Routine grooming also allows you to spot early signs of skin irritation or parasites before they lead to more significant issues. Consider scheduling a grooming session with Pewaukee Veterinary Service for expert advice on maintaining your dog’s coat health.

Managing Allergies and Parasites

Managing allergies, especially if they are seasonal or environmental, can prevent hot spots. Veterinarians can help identify allergens and may suggest an allergy management plan, which could include special shampoos, hypoallergenic diets, or medication. Regular flea and tick prevention is also essential for reducing bites that lead to hot spots.

Creating a Stress-Free Environment

Dogs thrive in consistent, calm environments. Reducing stressors and maintaining a steady routine can help prevent behaviors like excessive licking that may lead to hot spots. Whether it’s through regular exercise, enriching activities, or calming techniques, providing a stable environment can benefit your dog’s overall health and skin condition.

How to Know When to Seek Veterinary Care

While some hot spots can resolve with care at home, others may require veterinary attention, especially if they worsen or show signs of infection. Symptoms like a foul smell, extensive hair loss, or increased sensitivity in the area could indicate a more serious infection that needs professional treatment. Pewaukee Veterinary Service has experienced veterinarians who can assess the severity of your dog’s hot spot and provide the necessary care to aid in recovery. Reach out to our team at (262) 347-0787 for support and to discuss the best options for your dog’s health.